Material catalogue¶

Generated by ultrafast reference materials from src/UltrafastEngine.Core/Data/materials/; do not edit. Change a number in its catalogue file, then run /regen.

Every number the engine takes from its material library is listed here with its unit (in the key name), its status, its uncertainty and its source. How the files work, how to override a value and how runs report the values they used: Materials.

status	meaning
verified	the number was read from the cited source and compared; the comparison is recorded (check)
approximate	a typical, rounded or fitted value, good to the stated uncertainty; not traced to one table
unverified	not checked against any source; quoted from memory or from an earlier version of the code

A run that uses an approximate or unverified value says so in its notes and lists it under unverifiedInputs in summary.json.

185 quantities in 54 entries: 43 verified, 70 approximate, 70 unverified.

Solids and liquids¶

Vacuum¶

Vacuum.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = constant; value = 1	verified		definition
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	verified		definition

FusedSilica¶

Fused silica. Aliases: F_SILICA, SILICA, FUSED_SILICA, FS, SIO2, UVFS.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [0.6961663, 0.4079426, 0.8974794]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.0684043, 0.1162414, 9.896161]; validRangeUm = [0.21, 6.7] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		I. H. Malitson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1205 (1965); refractiveindex.info main/SiO2/Malitson Check: agrees with main/SiO2/Malitson.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 2.6E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
raman		see model		the Raman model 'blowWood'
ionization	bandGapEv = 9; effectiveMassRatio = 0.635; neutralDensityM3 = 2.1E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	typical values for Keldysh / plasma models of fused silica; the original code did not record a source

N-BK7¶

Schott N-BK7 borosilicate crown. Aliases: BK7, NBK7.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [1.03961212, 0.231792344, 1.01046945]; poleUm2 = [0.00600069867, 0.0200179144, 103.560653]; validRangeUm = [0.3, 2.5] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Schott N-BK7 data sheet (as listed on refractiveindex.info glass/schott/N-BK7) Check: agrees with glass/schott/N-BK7.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 3.4E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 4.2; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	typical values; the original code did not record a source

CaF2¶

Calcium fluoride. Aliases: CAF2.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [0.5675888, 0.4710914, 3.8484723]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.050263605, 0.1003909, 34.64904]; validRangeUm = [0.23, 9.7] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		I. H. Malitson, Appl. Opt. 2, 1103 (1963) (via refractiveindex.info main/CaF2/Malitson) Check: agrees with main/CaF2/Malitson.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 1.9E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 10; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2.4E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	typical values; the original code did not record a source

Sapphire¶

Sapphire (Al2O3), ordinary ray. Aliases: SAPPHIRE, AL2O3, SAPPHIRE-O.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [1.4313493, 0.65054713, 5.3414021]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.0726631, 0.1193242, 18.028251] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		I. H. Malitson and M. J. Dodge, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 62, 1405 (1972) (via refractiveindex.info main/Al2O3/Malitson-o) Check: agrees with main/Al2O3/Malitson-o.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 3E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 8.8; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2.3E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	typical values; the original code did not record a source

YAG¶

Yttrium aluminium garnet.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [2.282, 3.27644]; poleUm2 = [0.01185, 282.734] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		D. E. Zelmon, D. L. Small, R. Page, Appl. Opt. 37, 4933 (1998) (via refractiveindex.info main/Y3Al5O12/Zelmon) Check: agrees with main/Y3Al5O12/Zelmon.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 6.2E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 6.5; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	typical values; the original code did not record a source

N-SF11¶

Schott N-SF11 dense flint. Aliases: SF11, NSF11.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [1.73759695, 0.313747346, 1.89878101]; poleUm2 = [0.013188707, 0.0623068142, 155.23629] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Schott N-SF11 data sheet (as listed on refractiveindex.info glass/schott/N-SF11) Check: agrees with glass/schott/N-SF11.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 1E-19 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked

MgF2¶

Magnesium fluoride, ordinary ray. Aliases: MGF2, MGF2-O.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [0.48755108, 0.39875031, 2.3120353]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.04338408, 0.09461442, 23.793604] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		M. J. Dodge, Appl. Opt. 23, 1980 (1984) (via refractiveindex.info main/MgF2/Dodge-o) Check: agrees with main/MgF2/Dodge-o.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 9E-21 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 10.8; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	typical values; the original code did not record a source

Quartz¶

Crystalline quartz, ordinary ray. Aliases: QUARTZ, CRYSTALQUARTZ, SIO2_CRYSTAL, QUARTZ-O.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1.28604141; b = [1.07044083, 1.10202242]; poleUm2 = [0.0100585997, 100] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		G. Ghosh, Opt. Commun. 163, 95 (1999) (via refractiveindex.info main/SiO2/Ghosh-o) Check: agrees with main/SiO2/Ghosh-o.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 3E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 9; effectiveMassRatio = 0.635; neutralDensityM3 = 2.1E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	copy of the fused-silica values; the original code did not record a source

Quartz-e¶

Crystalline quartz, extraordinary ray.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1.28851804; b = [1.09509924, 1.15662475]; poleUm2 = [0.0102101864, 100] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		G. Ghosh, Opt. Commun. 163, 95 (1999) (via refractiveindex.info main/SiO2/Ghosh-e) Check: agrees with main/SiO2/Ghosh-e.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 3E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 9; effectiveMassRatio = 0.635; neutralDensityM3 = 2.1E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	copy of the fused-silica values; the original code did not record a source

MgF2-e¶

Magnesium fluoride, extraordinary ray.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [0.41344023, 0.50497499, 2.4904862]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.03684262, 0.09076162, 23.771995] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		M. J. Dodge, Appl. Opt. 23, 1980 (1984) (via refractiveindex.info main/MgF2/Dodge-e) Check: agrees with main/MgF2/Dodge-e.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 9E-21 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 10.8; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	copy of the MgF2 values; the original code did not record a source

Sapphire-e¶

Sapphire (Al2O3), extraordinary ray.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1; b = [1.5039759, 0.55069141, 6.5927379]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.0740288, 0.1216529, 20.072248] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		I. H. Malitson and M. J. Dodge, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 62, 1405 (1972) (via refractiveindex.info main/Al2O3/Malitson-e) Check: agrees with main/Al2O3/Malitson-e.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 3E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	approximate	about 30 %	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
ionization	bandGapEv = 8.8; effectiveMassRatio = 0.5; neutralDensityM3 = 2.3E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	typical Keldysh-model inputs; sample-dependent by tens of percent (no source recorded)	copy of the sapphire values; the original code did not record a source

Calcite¶

Calcite, ordinary ray. Aliases: CALCITE-O, CACO3.

n2 not set (give one if it matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1.73358749; b = [0.96464345, 1.82831454]; poleUm2 = [0.0194325203, 120] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		G. Ghosh, Opt. Commun. 163, 95 (1999) (via refractiveindex.info main/CaCO3/Ghosh-o) Check: agrees with main/CaCO3/Ghosh-o.yml to 2.2e-16 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

Calcite-e¶

Calcite, extraordinary ray.

n2 not set (give one if it matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1.35859695; b = [0.8242783, 0.14429128]; poleUm2 = [0.0106689543, 120] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		G. Ghosh, Opt. Commun. 163, 95 (1999) (via refractiveindex.info main/CaCO3/Ghosh-e) Check: agrees with main/CaCO3/Ghosh-e.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

YVO4¶

Yttrium orthovanadate, ordinary ray. Aliases: YVO4-O.

n2 not set (give one if it matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = vendorSellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 3.77834; numeratorUm2 = 0.069736; poleUm2 = 0.04724; irTermPerUm2 = 0.0108133 (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	differs from H. S. Shi et al., J. Synthetic Cryst. 30, 85 (2001) at 20 C (refractiveindex.info main/YVO4/Shi-o-20C: A 3.778790, B 0.070479, C 0.045731, D 0.009701 in the same form) by -5.4e-4 at 633 nm, -5.9e-4 at 1064 nm; decision of the owner (2026-11-11): the vendor set stays	common vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

YVO4-e¶

Yttrium orthovanadate, extraordinary ray.

n2 not set (give one if it matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = vendorSellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 4.59905; numeratorUm2 = 0.110534; poleUm2 = 0.04813; irTermPerUm2 = 0.0122676 (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	differs from H. S. Shi et al., J. Synthetic Cryst. 30, 85 (2001) at 20 C (refractiveindex.info main/YVO4/Shi-e-20C: A 4.607200, B 0.108087, C 0.052495, D 0.014305 in the same form) by -9.6e-4 at 633 nm, -9.2e-4 at 1064 nm; the birefringence differs by ~0.16 %; decision of the owner (2026-11-11): the vendor set stays	common vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

aBBO¶

alpha-BBO (alpha-barium borate), ordinary ray. Aliases: ABBO, ALPHA-BBO, ABBO-O, A-BBO.

n2 not set (give one if it matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = vendorSellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 2.67579; numeratorUm2 = 0.02099; poleUm2 = 0.0047; irTermPerUm2 = 0.00528 (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	not stated in the original code	vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

aBBO-e¶

alpha-BBO (alpha-barium borate), extraordinary ray.

n2 not set (give one if it matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = vendorSellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 2.31197; numeratorUm2 = 0.01184; poleUm2 = 0.01607; irTermPerUm2 = 0.004 (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	not stated in the original code	vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

TGG¶

Terbium gallium garnet (Faraday rotator).

dispersion fitted to the Schlarb & Sugg 1994 table (0.40-1.18 um, approximate); n2 not set (give one: the B-integral of an isolator matters).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1.24206176; b = [2.49181577]; poleUm2 = [0.01959882]; validRangeUm = [0.40466, 1.17668] (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	fit residual 6.6e-4 inside the measured range; extrapolation outside 0.40-1.18 um is not backed by data. The previous two-point fit (A = 1, B = 2.7769, C = 0.01656) was 0.011 away from the table at 1.08 um.	least-squares fit of n^2 = A + B l^2/(l^2 - C) to the nine measured points of U. Schlarb and B. Sugg, Phys. Status Solidi B 182, K91 (1994) (refractiveindex.info main/Tb3Ga5O12/Schlarb, 0.40466-1.17668 um, 20 C): largest deviation 6.6e-4
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)

BaF2¶

Barium fluoride, cubic (m3m). Aliases: BAF2.

cubic (m3m); give the orientation with kerrCutAxis / kerrAzimuthDeg on the element (default [001] cut, x along [100]).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = air; a = 1.33973; b = [0.8107, 0.19652, 4.52469]; resonanceWavelengthsUm = [0.10065, 29.87, 53.82]; validRangeUm = [0.15, 15] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		H. H. Li, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 9, 161 (1980), 293 K (refractiveindex.info main/BaF2/Li) Check: agrees with main/BaF2/Li.yml to 2.2e-16 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 2E-20 (wavelengthM 1E-06, orientation [100])	unverified	about 30 %	typical literature value for light along [100]; reported values spread 1.8-2.9e-20 m^2/W; quoted from memory in the original code, not re-checked
kerrAnisotropy	value = -1.2	unverified	unknown; check the papers. The Z-scan anisotropy paper of the Sheik-Bahae / Van Stryland group (CREOL publication 1820; a scanned PDF that could not be read here) gives BaF2 n2 along [100], [010], [110] at 532 and 1064 nm and a parameter u in chi(theta) = chi [1 + 2u (sin^4 theta - sin^2 theta)]; how u relates to sigma is still to be written down	sigma = (chi1111 - 3 chi1122) / chi1111; quoted from memory of Minkovski et al., Opt. Lett. 29, 2237 (2004) and Jullien et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 22, 2635 (2005); not retrieved

CS2¶

Liquid carbon disulfide, 20 C. Aliases: CARBONDISULFIDE, CARBON_DISULFIDE.

liquid CS2 at 20 C; index fit valid 0.5-1.6 um; n2 = 3.0e-18 m^2/W total (ps pulses) of which 10 % electronic and 90 % orientational, h(t) = (exp(-t/1.6 ps) - exp(-t/0.2 ps)) / 1.4 ps; the split and the time constants are unverified typical values (spread of the literature: a factor 2-3): override n2 / ramanFraction / raman.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = sellmeier; referenceMedium = vacuum; a = 1; b = [1.50387]; poleUm2 = [0.03049]; validRangeUm = [0.5, 1.6] (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		S. Kedenburg et al., Opt. Mater. Express 2, 1588 (2012) (refractiveindex.info main/CS2/Kedenburg); one-pole fit valid 0.5-1.6 um, extrapolated outside Check: agrees with main/CS2/Kedenburg.yml to 0.0e+00 (n, 0.45-1.5 um).
n2	valueM2PerW = 3E-18 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pulseDurationS 1E-12, temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	about 100 %	total n2 for ps pulses (electronic + orientational); typical value, the literature spread is a factor 2-3; not re-checked
raman		see model		the Raman model 'orientational'
ramanFraction	value = 0.9 (pulseDurationS 1E-12)	unverified	about 10 %	orientational (delayed) share of the total n2; the electronic part 3e-19 m^2/W is the fs value quoted by Liu et al., Opt. Lett. 38, 1838 (2013) citing Ganeev 2004; not re-checked

Ta2O5¶

Ion-beam-sputtered thin film (Cauchy fit). Aliases: TA2O5.

thin-film Cauchy approximation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = cauchy; coefficients = [2.05, 0.02, 0.0012]	approximate	film indices depend on the process (a few 1e-2)	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)

TiO2¶

Ion-beam-sputtered thin film (Cauchy fit). Aliases: TIO2.

thin-film Cauchy approximation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = cauchy; coefficients = [2.2, 0.055, 0.003]	approximate	film indices depend on the process (a few 1e-2)	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)

HfO2¶

Ion-beam-sputtered thin film (Cauchy fit). Aliases: HFO2.

thin-film Cauchy approximation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = cauchy; coefficients = [1.95, 0.016, 0]	approximate	film indices depend on the process (a few 1e-2)	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)

Nb2O5¶

Ion-beam-sputtered thin film (Cauchy fit). Aliases: NB2O5.

thin-film Cauchy approximation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = cauchy; coefficients = [2.18, 0.04, 0]	approximate	film indices depend on the process (a few 1e-2)	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)

Al2O3_film¶

Ion-beam-sputtered thin film (Cauchy fit). Aliases: AL2O3_FILM.

thin-film Cauchy approximation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = cauchy; coefficients = [1.62, 0.008, 0]	approximate	film indices depend on the process (a few 1e-2)	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)

SiO2_film¶

Ion-beam-sputtered thin film (Cauchy fit). Aliases: SIO2_FILM.

thin-film Cauchy approximation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = cauchy; coefficients = [1.45, 0.0036, 0]	approximate	film indices depend on the process (a few 1e-2)	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
n2	valueM2PerW = 0	unverified	0 means not set, not a measured zero	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)

Gases¶

Air¶

Dry air with 450 ppm CO2. Aliases: AIR.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = ciddor; temperatureC = 20; pressurePa = 101325; relativeHumidityPercent = 0; co2Ppm = 450; borzsonyiCoefficients = [0.0001492644, 1.936E-05, 0.0004180757, 0.007434] (temperatureK 293.15, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) (constants in the code); bundled check page other/air/Ciddor
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 8.5E-24 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked; air as a mixture of N2 and O2
composition	fractions = {"N2":0.7808,"O2":0.2095,"Ar":0.0093}	verified		mole fractions of dry air (standard atmosphere)
standardAirDispersion	k0PerUm2 = 238.0185; k1PerUm2 = 5792105; k2PerUm2 = 57.362; k3PerUm2 = 167917 (temperatureK 288.15, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996), dry-air dispersion: (n-1) 1e8 = k1 / (k0 - s^2) + k3 / (k2 - s^2), s = 1/lambda in 1/um; refractiveindex.info other/air/Ciddor (standard air 15 C, 101.325 kPa, 450 ppm CO2) Check: the page's coefficients 0.05792105, 238.0185, 0.00167917, 57.362 equal k1 / 1e8, k0, k3 / 1e8, k2; the engine at 15 C, 101325 Pa, dry, 450 ppm equals the page's formula (test CatalogueTests.CiddorAir_AtStandardConditions_EqualsTheDatabaseFormula).
co2Dependence	co2SlopeFractionPerPpm = 5.34E-07; co2ReferencePpm = 450; airMolarMassGPerMol = 28.9635; airMolarMassSlopeGPerMolPerPpm = 1.2011E-05; airMolarMassReferencePpm = 400	unverified	not compared with the paper; the dry-air index at 633 nm is checked against the paper's value in FoundationTests	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) (dispersion changes by 0.534e-6 per ppm of CO2 about 450 ppm; molar mass of dry air 28.9635 + 12.011e-6 (x_CO2 - 400) g/mol); not re-read
waterVaporDispersion	polynomialCoefficients = [295.235, 2.6422, -0.03238, 0.004028]; units = (n_ws - 1) 1e8 = cf (w0 + w1 s^2 + w2 s^4 + w3 s^6), s in 1/um; correctionFactor = 1.022	unverified	humid-air results are not compared with the paper	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) water-vapour dispersion (w0..w3, cf); not re-read
thermodynamics	gasConstantJPerMolK = 8.31451; waterMolarMassKgPerMol = 0.018015; airMolarMassKgPerGPerMolFactor = 0.001	unverified	constants of the paper; transcription not re-read	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) (R = 8.314510 J/(mol K), M_w = 0.018015 kg/mol); not re-read
saturationVapourPressure	coefficients = [1.2378847E-05, -0.019121316, 33.93711047, -6343.1645]; units = p_sv = exp(A T^2 + B T + C + D / T) in Pa, T in K	unverified	not compared with the standard	CIPM-2007 / Ciddor 1996 saturation vapour pressure of water; transcription not re-read
enhancementFactor	coefficients = [1.00062, 3.14E-08, 5.6E-07]; units = f = a + b p + c t^2, p in Pa, t in degC	unverified	not compared with the standard	enhancement factor of water vapour in air (Ciddor 1996 / CIPM-2007); transcription not re-read
compressibility	coefficients = [1.58123E-06, -2.9331E-08, 1.1043E-10, ... (9 values)]; units = a0, a1, a2, b0, b1, c0, c1, d, e of Z(p, T, x_w)	unverified	not compared with the standard	compressibility factor of moist air (Ciddor 1996 / CIPM-2007); transcription not re-read
referenceStates	standardAirPressurePa = 101325; standardAirTemperatureK = 288.15; waterVaporPressurePa = 1333; waterVaporTemperatureK = 293.15	approximate	definitions; transcription not re-read	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) reference states of the density ratios

He¶

Helium. Aliases: HELIUM.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = borzsonyi; coefficients = [4.97777E-05, 2.854E-05, 1.85694E-05, 0.00776]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 1] (temperatureK 273, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		A. Borzsonyi, Z. Heiner, M. P. Kalashnikov, A. P. Kovacs, K. Osvay, Appl. Opt. 47, 4856 (2008) (refractiveindex.info main/He/Borzsonyi), 273 K and 1 bar Check: agrees vs refractiveindex.info main/He/Borzsonyi: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 3.5E-25 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 24.587; orbitalL = 0; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices

Ne¶

Neon. Aliases: NEON.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = borzsonyi; coefficients = [9.15448E-05, 0.00065697, 4.01863E-05, 0.005728]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 1] (temperatureK 273, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		A. Borzsonyi, Z. Heiner, M. P. Kalashnikov, A. P. Kovacs, K. Osvay, Appl. Opt. 47, 4856 (2008) (refractiveindex.info main/Ne/Borzsonyi), 273 K and 1 bar Check: agrees vs refractiveindex.info main/Ne/Borzsonyi: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 7.5E-25 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 21.565; orbitalL = 1; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices

Ar¶

Argon. Aliases: ARGON.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = borzsonyi; coefficients = [0.0002033229, 0.00020612, 0.0003445831, 0.008066]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 1] (temperatureK 273, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		A. Borzsonyi, Z. Heiner, M. P. Kalashnikov, A. P. Kovacs, K. Osvay, Appl. Opt. 47, 4856 (2008) (refractiveindex.info main/Ar/Borzsonyi), 273 K and 1 bar Check: agrees vs refractiveindex.info main/Ar/Borzsonyi: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 1E-23 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 15.76; orbitalL = 1; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices

Kr¶

Krypton. Aliases: KRYPTON.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = borzsonyi; coefficients = [0.0002610288, 2.01E-06, 0.0005694682, 0.010043]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 1] (temperatureK 273, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		A. Borzsonyi, Z. Heiner, M. P. Kalashnikov, A. P. Kovacs, K. Osvay, Appl. Opt. 47, 4856 (2008) (refractiveindex.info main/Kr/Borzsonyi), 273 K and 1 bar Check: agrees vs refractiveindex.info main/Kr/Borzsonyi: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 2.8E-23 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 13.999; orbitalL = 1; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices

Xe¶

Xenon. Aliases: XENON.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = borzsonyi; coefficients = [0.0010370161, 0.01275, 0.0003122861, 0.000561]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 1] (temperatureK 273, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		A. Borzsonyi, Z. Heiner, M. P. Kalashnikov, A. P. Kovacs, K. Osvay, Appl. Opt. 47, 4856 (2008) (refractiveindex.info main/Xe/Borzsonyi), 273 K and 1 bar Check: agrees vs refractiveindex.info main/Xe/Borzsonyi: max |dn| = 0.0e+00 (the page fixes a typo of the paper in Xe: 12.75e-3).
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 8E-23 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 12.13; orbitalL = 1; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices

N2¶

Nitrogen. Aliases: NITROGEN.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = borzsonyi; coefficients = [0.0003920995, 0.00114624, 0.0001880648, 0.013476]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 1] (temperatureK 273, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		A. Borzsonyi, Z. Heiner, M. P. Kalashnikov, A. P. Kovacs, K. Osvay, Appl. Opt. 47, 4856 (2008) (refractiveindex.info main/N2/Borzsonyi), 273 K and 1 bar Check: agrees vs refractiveindex.info main/N2/Borzsonyi: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 8E-24 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 15.581; orbitalL = 0; zEff = 0.9	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices; the effective charge of the molecule is an empirical choice
rotation	rotationalConstantBPerCm = 1.98957; centrifugalDistortionDPerCm = 5.76E-06; polarizabilityAnisotropyA3 = 0.7; nuclearSpinWeightEven = 6; nuclearSpinWeightOdd = 3 (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	about 15 %	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
dephasing	t2At1BarS = 1E-10 (pressureBar 1, temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	about 50 %	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it

O2¶

Oxygen. Aliases: OXYGEN.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = dispersionFormula; c0 = 0.0001181494; b = [0.009708931]; cPerUm2 = [75.4]; referenceTemperatureK = 293.15 (temperatureK 293.15, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		Zhang et al., Appl. Opt. 47, 3143 (2008), 293.15 K (refractiveindex.info main/O2/Zhang) Check: agrees with main/O2/Zhang.yml: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 1.03E-23 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 12.07; orbitalL = 1; zEff = 0.53	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices; the effective charge of the molecule is an empirical choice
rotation	rotationalConstantBPerCm = 1.43768; centrifugalDistortionDPerCm = 4.85E-06; polarizabilityAnisotropyA3 = 1.14; nuclearSpinWeightEven = 0; nuclearSpinWeightOdd = 1 (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	about 15 %	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
dephasing	t2At1BarS = 8E-11 (pressureBar 1, temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	about 50 %	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it

CO2¶

Carbon dioxide. Aliases: CARBONDIOXIDE.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = dispersionFormula; c0 = 0; b = [0.06991, 0.0014472, 6.42941E-05, 5.21306E-05, 1.46847E-06]; cPerUm2 = [166.175, 79.609, 56.3064, 46.0196, 0.0584738]; referenceTemperatureK = 273.15 (temperatureK 273.15, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		Bideau-Mehu et al., Opt. Commun. 9, 432 (1973), 273.15 K (refractiveindex.info main/CO2/Bideau-Mehu) Check: agrees with main/CO2/Bideau-Mehu.yml: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 1.4E-23 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 13.777; orbitalL = 1; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
rotation	rotationalConstantBPerCm = 0.39021; centrifugalDistortionDPerCm = 1.33E-07; polarizabilityAnisotropyA3 = 2.1; nuclearSpinWeightEven = 1; nuclearSpinWeightOdd = 0 (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	about 15 %	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
dephasing	t2At1BarS = 5E-11 (pressureBar 1, temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	about 50 %	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it

H2¶

Hydrogen. Aliases: HYDROGEN.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
index	model = dispersionFormula; c0 = 0; b = [0.0148956, 0.0049037]; cPerUm2 = [180.7, 92]; referenceTemperatureK = 273.15 (temperatureK 273.15, pressureBar 1.01325)	verified		Peck and Huang, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 1550 (1977), 273.15 K (refractiveindex.info main/H2/Peck) Check: agrees with main/H2/Peck.yml: max |dn| = 0.0e+00.
n2Electronic	valueM2PerWPerBar273K = 6.9E-24 (wavelengthM 8E-07, pressureBar 1, temperatureK 273)	approximate	about 20 %	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
ionization	ionizationEv = 15.426; orbitalL = 0; zEff = 1	approximate	ionisation potentials are tabulated constants; the effective charge and orbital l are model choices	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
rotation	rotationalConstantBPerCm = 59.322; centrifugalDistortionDPerCm = 0.0471; polarizabilityAnisotropyA3 = 0.3; nuclearSpinWeightEven = 1; nuclearSpinWeightOdd = 3 (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	about 15 %	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
dephasing	t2At1BarS = 3E-10 (pressureBar 1, temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	about 50 %	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it

Raman models¶

blowWood¶

Fused silica, single damped oscillator. Aliases: silica.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
response	model = dampedOscillator; tau1S = 1.22E-14; tau2S = 3.2E-14 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 10 %	K. J. Blow and D. Wood, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 2665 (1989); the constants 12.2 fs and 32 fs are the ones in common use for fused silica
ramanFraction	value = 0.18 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 20 %	Blow-Wood / Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics: fR = 0.18 for fused silica; Lin and Agrawal (2006) give 0.245 with the boson peak
anisotropicFraction	value = 0.25 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 30 %	anisotropic share of the Raman response (Lin and Agrawal fb + fc = 0.25), from the measured depolarisation of the Raman spectrum

hollenbeck¶

Fused silica, 13 vibrational modes.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
response	model = hollenbeckCantrell; modePositionsPerCm = [56.25, 100, 231.25, ... (13 values)]; peakIntensities = [1, 11.4, 36.67, ... (13 values)]; gaussianFwhmPerCm = [52.1, 110.42, 175, ... (13 values)]; lorentzianFwhmPerCm = [17.37, 38.81, 58.33, ... (13 values)] (host fused silica)	unverified	transcribed table of 13 modes, not re-read against the paper; the response is checked for the 13.2 THz gain peak	D. Hollenbeck and C. D. Cantrell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 2886 (2002), Table 1 (intermediate-broadening model), as transcribed in the original code; not re-read
ramanFraction	value = 0.18 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 20 %	same as the Blow-Wood model
anisotropicFraction	value = 0.25 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 30 %	same as the Blow-Wood model

linAgrawal¶

Fused silica with boson peak.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
response	model = linAgrawal; tau1S = 1.22E-14; tau2S = 3.2E-14; taubS = 9.6E-14; fa = 0.75; fb = 0.21; fc = 0.04 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 10 %	Q. Lin and G. P. Agrawal, Opt. Lett. 31, 3086 (2006); pyNLO's 'full' model uses the same numbers
ramanFraction	value = 0.245 (host fused silica)	approximate	about 10 %	Q. Lin and G. P. Agrawal, Opt. Lett. 31, 3086 (2006)

orientational¶

Molecular reorientation of a liquid (CS2 values).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
response	model = orientational; riseS = 2E-13; decayS = 1.6E-12; anisotropicFraction = 1.5 (host CS2, temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	about 30 %	h(t) = (exp(-t/1.6 ps) - exp(-t/0.2 ps)) / 1.4 ps: typical CS2 values of the original code (decay ~1.6-2 ps is the commonly quoted reorientation time); the rise time and the exact decay are unverified; 1.5 = purely orientational (h_a = -h_b/3)

Gain media¶

Yb:YAG¶

Ytterbium-doped YAG (quasi-three-level). Aliases: ybyag.

Yb:YAG cross sections are an analytic room-temperature fit; the McCumber relation gives reabsorption at the lasing wavelength (~0.1e-20 cm^2 at 1030 nm). Cryogenic linewidths are not modelled (only the Boltzmann factor follows temperatureK).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
doping	host = YAG; dopingDensityM3 = 2.76E+26	approximate	user-specific: set dopingDensityM3 or dopingAtPercent	doping density of the original code (2 x 1.38e26 m^-3); give your crystal's doping
lifetime	lifetimeS = 0.00095	approximate	about 10 %	Sumida and Fan, OSA TOPS 1995 (upper-state lifetime 0.95 ms), as cited by the original code; not re-read
zeroLine	zeroLineWavelengthM = 9.688E-07	approximate	about 0.1 %	zero-phonon line 968.8 nm of Yb:YAG, as used by the original code for the McCumber relation; not re-read
thermal	thermalConductivityWPerMK = 9.5; dnDTPerK = 7.8E-06	unverified	not stated in the original code	typical values of Yb:YAG (original code); conductivity falls with doping
stress	thermalExpansionPerK = 7.5E-06; stressCr = 0.017; stressCphi = -0.0025	unverified	not stated in the original code	photo-elastic constants of YAG after Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering (thermal-effects chapter), as cited by the original code; not re-read
emission	shape = gaussians; bands = [{"wavelengthM":1.03E-06,"sigmaCm2":2.1E-20,"fwhmM":8.5E-09}, {"wavelengthM":1.0485E-06,"sigmaCm2":3.2E-21,"fwhmM":1.6E-08}, {"wavelengthM":1.015E-06,"sigmaCm2":3.5E-21,"fwhmM":3E-08}]; description = Gaussian-band fit: 2.1e-20 cm^2 at 1030 nm (8.5 nm FWHM), 1048 nm shoulder, broad base (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	about 20 %	room-temperature values after Koerner et al., Appl. Phys. B 75, 2002 (cross sections) and Sumida & Fan, OSA TOPS 1995 (lifetime 0.95 ms); lasing-band absorption and pump-band emission from the McCumber relation (zero line 968.8 nm); approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %) -- override with measured tables
absorption	shape = gaussians; bands = [{"wavelengthM":9.405E-07,"sigmaCm2":7.7E-21,"fwhmM":1.8E-08}, {"wavelengthM":9.688E-07,"sigmaCm2":8.5E-21,"fwhmM":2.8E-09}, {"wavelengthM":9.15E-07,"sigmaCm2":2.5E-21,"fwhmM":1.5E-08}]; description = Gaussian-band fit: 0.77e-20 cm^2 at 940 nm (18 nm FWHM), 0.85e-20 cm^2 at 969 nm (2.8 nm) (temperatureK 293.15)	approximate	about 20 %	pump-band absorption of Yb:YAG, approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %), after the same references as the emission band -- override with measured tables

Ti:sapphire¶

Titanium-doped sapphire (four-level). Aliases: tisa, tisapphire, ti:sa, ti:al2o3.

Ti:sapphire is treated as a four-level system (no lasing-band absorption); the residual infrared absorption (figure of merit) is not included -- add it with absorptionProfile or a material attenuation.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
doping	host = Sapphire; dopingDensityM3 = 3.3E+25	approximate	user-specific: set dopingDensityM3	doping density of the original code; give your crystal's doping
lifetime	lifetimeS = 3.2E-06	approximate	about 10 %	Moulton, JOSA B 3, 125 (1986) (lifetime 3.2 us), as cited by the original code; not re-read
thermal	thermalConductivityWPerMK = 33; dnDTPerK = 1.3E-05	unverified	not stated in the original code	typical values of sapphire (original code)
emission	shape = asymmetricGaussian; peakWavelengthM = 7.95E-07; sigmaCm2 = 3E-19; hwhmShortM = 7.5E-08; hwhmLongM = 1.4E-07; description = asymmetric-Gaussian fit, pi polarisation: 3.0e-19 cm^2 at 795 nm, half widths 75 / 140 nm	approximate	about 20 %	after Moulton, JOSA B 3, 125 (1986) (pi-polarised cross sections, lifetime 3.2 us); four-level; approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %) -- override with measured tables
absorption	shape = gaussians; bands = [{"wavelengthM":4.9E-07,"sigmaCm2":6.4E-20,"fwhmM":1.15E-07}]; description = Gaussian fit, pi polarisation: 6.4e-20 cm^2 at 490 nm, 115 nm FWHM (~4.4e-20 cm^2 at 532 nm)	approximate	about 20 %	after Moulton, JOSA B 3, 125 (1986) (pi-polarised); approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %) -- override with measured tables

Nd:YAG¶

Neodymium-doped YAG (four-level). Aliases: ndyag.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
doping	host = YAG; dopingDensityM3 = 1.38E+26	approximate	user-specific: set dopingDensityM3	1 at.% Nd (Koechner), as in the original code
lifetime	lifetimeS = 0.00023	approximate	about 10 %	Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering (1 at.% Nd, tau = 230 us), as cited by the original code; not re-read
thermal	thermalConductivityWPerMK = 10.5; dnDTPerK = 7.8E-06	unverified	not stated in the original code	typical values of Nd:YAG (original code)
stress	thermalExpansionPerK = 7.5E-06; stressCr = 0.017; stressCphi = -0.0025	unverified	not stated in the original code	photo-elastic constants of YAG after Koechner (as for Yb:YAG); not re-read
emission	shape = gaussians; bands = [{"wavelengthM":1.0642E-06,"sigmaCm2":2.8E-19,"fwhmM":6E-10}]; description = Gaussian fit: 2.8e-19 cm^2 at 1064.2 nm, 0.6 nm FWHM	approximate	about 20 %	Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering (1 at.% Nd, tau = 230 us); four-level; approximate analytic fit
absorption	shape = gaussians; bands = [{"wavelengthM":8.085E-07,"sigmaCm2":7E-20,"fwhmM":2.5E-09}]; description = Gaussian fit: 7e-20 cm^2 at 808.5 nm, 2.5 nm FWHM	approximate	about 20 %	Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering; approximate analytic fit

chi(2) crystals¶

BBO¶

beta-barium borate, negative uniaxial. Aliases: b-bab2o4, bab2o4, beta-bbo.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula2; coefficients = [0, 0.90291, 0.003926, ... (7 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.188, 5.2]; citation = Tamosauskas et al., Opt. Mater. Express 8, 1410 (2018) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Tamosauskas et al., Opt. Mater. Express 8, 1410 (2018) (refractiveindex.info BaB2O4/Tamosauskas-o) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page BaB2O4_Tamosauskas-o (formula 2, 7 coefficients).
indexZ	model = riiFormula2; coefficients = [0, 1.151075, 0.007142, ... (7 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.188, 5.2]; citation = Tamosauskas et al., Opt. Mater. Express 8, 1410 (2018) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Tamosauskas et al., Opt. Mater. Express 8, 1410 (2018) (refractiveindex.info BaB2O4/Tamosauskas-e) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page BaB2O4_Tamosauskas-e (formula 2, 7 coefficients).
d	pointGroup = 3m; tensor = 3m; dPmPerV = {"d22":2.2,"d31":0.04} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	Eckardt et al., IEEE JQE 26, 922 (1990), as cited by the original code; not re-read
n2	valueM2PerW = 2.8E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	DeSalvo et al., IEEE JQE 32, 1324 (1996), as cited by the original code; not re-read
validity	validRangeUm = [0.188, 5.2]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Tamosauskas et al., Opt. Mater. Express 8, 1410 (2018)

LBO¶

lithium triborate, biaxial; the Kato (1994) set reproduces the handbook XY-plane type-I SHG angles (phi = 11.6 deg at 1064 nm, 13.8 deg at 1030 nm, 31.7 deg at 800 nm), the Chen / Hanson-Dick fit on refractiveindex.info gives 11.8 / 14.6 / 34.3 deg. Aliases: lib3o5.

LBO indices are room-temperature (no thermal model): non-critical phase matching by temperature is not modelled.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [2.4542, 0.01125, 0, ... (11 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.19, 2.6]; citation = Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994) (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	not compared with the database page (none for this form)	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
indexY	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [2.539, 0.01277, 0, ... (15 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.19, 2.6]; citation = Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994) (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	not compared with the database page (none for this form)	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
indexZ	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [2.5865, 0.0131, 0, ... (15 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.19, 2.6]; citation = Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994) (temperatureK 293.15)	unverified	not compared with the database page (none for this form)	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
d	pointGroup = mm2 (polar axis = Y); tensor = mm2:y; dPmPerV = {"d31":-0.67,"d32":0.85,"d33":0.04} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	Dmitriev, Gurzadyan & Nikogosyan, Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals, as cited by the original code; not re-read
n2	valueM2PerW = 1.9E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	approximate value of the original code (no source recorded)
validity	validRangeUm = [0.19, 2.6]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)

KTP¶

potassium titanyl phosphate, biaxial (the aliases ppktp name the periodically poled form). Aliases: ktiopo4, ppktp.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [3.291, 0.0414, 0, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.43, 3.54]; citation = Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002) (refractiveindex.info KTiOPO4/Kato-alpha) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page KTiOPO4_Kato-alpha (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
indexY	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [3.45018, 0.04341, 0, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.43, 3.54]; citation = Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002) (refractiveindex.info KTiOPO4/Kato-beta) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page KTiOPO4_Kato-beta (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
indexZ	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [4.59423, 0.06206, 0, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.43, 3.54]; citation = Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002) (refractiveindex.info KTiOPO4/Kato-gamma) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page KTiOPO4_Kato-gamma (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
d	pointGroup = mm2; tensor = mm2; dPmPerV = {"d31":1.95,"d32":3.9,"d33":15.3} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	Vanherzeele & Bierlein, Opt. Lett. 17, 982 (1992), as cited by the original code; not re-read
n2	valueM2PerW = 2.2E-19 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	DeSalvo et al., IEEE JQE 32, 1324 (1996), E||z, as cited by the original code; not re-read
validity	validRangeUm = [0.43, 3.54]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002)

KDP¶

potassium dihydrogen phosphate, negative uniaxial. Aliases: kh2po4.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [2.259276, 13.00522, 2, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.2138, 1.529]; citation = Zernike, JOSA 54, 1215 (1964) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Zernike, JOSA 54, 1215 (1964) (refractiveindex.info KH2PO4/Zernike-o) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page KH2PO4_Zernike-o (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
indexZ	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [2.132668, 3.2279924, 2, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.2138, 1.529]; citation = Zernike, JOSA 54, 1215 (1964) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Zernike, JOSA 54, 1215 (1964) (refractiveindex.info KH2PO4/Zernike-e) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page KH2PO4_Zernike-e (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
d	pointGroup = -42m; tensor = -42m; dPmPerV = {"d36":0.39} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	Eckardt et al., IEEE JQE 26, 922 (1990), as cited by the original code; not re-read
n2	valueM2PerW = 2E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	Adair et al. (via refractiveindex.info), as cited by the original code; not re-read
validity	validRangeUm = [0.2138, 1.529]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Zernike, JOSA 54, 1215 (1964)

LiNbO3¶

congruent lithium niobate, negative uniaxial; the aliases ppln, cln name the poled / congruent forms. Aliases: ln, cln, ppln.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula2; coefficients = [0, 2.6734, 0.01764, ... (7 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 5]; citation = Zelmon, Small & Jundt, JOSA B 14, 3319 (1997) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Zelmon, Small & Jundt, JOSA B 14, 3319 (1997) (refractiveindex.info LiNbO3/Zelmon-o) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page LiNbO3_Zelmon-o (formula 2, 7 coefficients).
indexZ	model = jundt; a = [5.35583, 0.100473, 0.20692, 100, 11.34927, 0.015334]; b = [4.629E-07, 3.862E-08, -8.9E-09, 2.657E-05]; citation = Jundt, Opt. Lett. 22, 1553 (1997), congruent LiNbO3 e-ray; validRangeUm = [0.4, 5] (temperatureK 297.65)	unverified	not compared with the paper	Jundt, Opt. Lett. 22, 1553 (1997), congruent LiNbO3 e-ray (temperature dependent, T in degC)
d	pointGroup = 3m; tensor = 3m; dPmPerV = {"d22":2.1,"d31":4.6,"d33":25} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	Shoji et al., JOSA B 14, 2268 (1997), as cited by the original code; not re-read
n2	valueM2PerW = 9.3E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	DeSalvo et al., IEEE JQE 32, 1324 (1996), as cited by the original code; not re-read
validity	validRangeUm = [0.4, 5]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Zelmon, Small & Jundt, JOSA B 14, 3319 (1997)

MgO:LiNbO3¶

5 mol% MgO-doped congruent lithium niobate. Aliases: mgln, mgo:ln, mgo:ppln, ppmgln, mgo:cln.

MgO:LiNbO3: the o-ray index is that of congruent LiNbO3 (only e-ray data for the doped crystal are built in); type-0 (eee) QPM is unaffected.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula2; coefficients = [0, 2.6734, 0.01764, ... (7 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.4, 5]; citation = Zelmon, Small & Jundt, JOSA B 14, 3319 (1997) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Zelmon, Small & Jundt, JOSA B 14, 3319 (1997) (refractiveindex.info LiNbO3/Zelmon-o) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page LiNbO3_Zelmon-o (formula 2, 7 coefficients).
indexZ	model = jundt; a = [5.756, 0.0983, 0.202, 189.32, 12.52, 0.0132]; b = [2.86E-06, 4.7E-08, 6.113E-08, 0.0001516]; citation = Gayer et al., Appl. Phys. B 91, 343 (2008), 5% MgO:CLN e-ray; validRangeUm = [0.5, 4] (temperatureK 297.65)	unverified	the temperature coefficient b4 = 1.516e-4 could not be cross-checked (pyNLO uses 1.526e-5)	Gayer et al., Appl. Phys. B 91, 343 (2008), 5% MgO:CLN e-ray (temperature dependent, T in degC)
d	pointGroup = 3m; tensor = 3m; dPmPerV = {"d22":2.1,"d31":4.4,"d33":25} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	d33 = 25 pm/V as cited by the original code; not re-read
n2	valueM2PerW = 9.3E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	copy of the congruent LiNbO3 value (DeSalvo et al. 1996); not re-read
validity	validRangeUm = [0.5, 4]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Gayer et al., Appl. Phys. B 91, 343 (2008)

BiBO¶

bismuth triborate, biaxial (monoclinic: no d tensor built in). Aliases: bib3o6.

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [3.07403, 0.03231, 0, ... (11 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.48, 3.1]; citation = Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007) (refractiveindex.info BiB3O6/Umemura-alpha) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page BiB3O6_Umemura-alpha (formula 4, 11 coefficients).
indexY	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [3.1694, 0.03717, 0, ... (11 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.48, 3.1]; citation = Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007) (refractiveindex.info BiB3O6/Umemura-beta) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page BiB3O6_Umemura-beta (formula 4, 11 coefficients).
indexZ	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [3.6545, 0.05112, 0, ... (11 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.48, 3.1]; citation = Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007) (refractiveindex.info BiB3O6/Umemura-gamma) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page BiB3O6_Umemura-gamma (formula 4, 11 coefficients).
n2	valueM2PerW = 7.65E-20 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 30 %	Kabacinski et al. (via refractiveindex.info), as cited by the original code; not re-read
validity	validRangeUm = [0.48, 3.1]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007)

AgGaSe2¶

silver gallium selenide, negative uniaxial (mid-infrared).

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
indexX	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [11.62264, 0.43221, 0, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.81, 18]; citation = Kato & Shirahata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 4645 (1996) (refractiveindex.info: Kato) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Kato & Shirahata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 4645 (1996) (refractiveindex.info: Kato) (refractiveindex.info AgGaSe2/Kato-o) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page AgGaSe2_Kato-o (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
indexZ	model = riiFormula4; coefficients = [11.33168, 0.45951, 0, ... (9 values)]; validRangeUm = [0.81, 18]; citation = Kato & Shirahata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 4645 (1996) (refractiveindex.info: Kato) (temperatureK 293.15)	verified		Kato & Shirahata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 4645 (1996) (refractiveindex.info: Kato) (refractiveindex.info AgGaSe2/Kato-e) Check: agrees with the coefficients of the fetched page AgGaSe2_Kato-e (formula 4, 9 coefficients).
d	pointGroup = -42m; tensor = -42m; dPmPerV = {"d36":33} (wavelengthM 1.064E-06)	unverified	about 10 %	d36 = 33 pm/V of the original code; no source recorded
n2	valueM2PerW = 3.5E-18 (wavelengthM 8E-07)	unverified	about 100 %	approximate value of the original code (no source recorded)
validity	validRangeUm = [0.81, 18]	approximate	range of the index data; outside it the formula is extrapolated	Kato & Shirahata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 4645 (1996) (refractiveindex.info: Kato)

Generic defaults (used when a run does not give the value)¶

defaults:gainMedium¶

What the engine assumes for a user-defined gain medium that does not state its own thermal data. Used for the thermal lens only..

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
thermal	thermalConductivityWPerMK = 10; dnDTPerK = 7.8E-06	unverified	a factor of 2 for other hosts (sapphire 33 W/(m K), glasses ~1 W/(m K); dn/dT changes sign between hosts)	generic YAG-like values chosen in the original code; not tied to a measurement

defaults:solidIonization¶

What the engine assumes for a solid without ionisation data when a run gives only some of the inputs (the band gap is always required)..

quantity	values	status	uncertainty	source
ionization	effectiveMassRatio = 0.635; neutralDensityM3 = 2.1E+28; collisionTimeS = 1E-15; recombinationTimeS = 1.5E-13	unverified	sample-dependent by tens of percent, and different for other dielectrics	typical Keldysh / plasma inputs of fused silica, used as the generic dielectric (original code; no source recorded)

Not verified yet¶

The to-do list for anyone with the papers: every quantity whose status is not verified.

entry	quantity	status	what to check
Air	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked; air as a mixture of N2 and O2
Air	co2Dependence	unverified	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) (dispersion changes by 0.534e-6 per ppm of CO2 about 450 ppm; molar mass of dry air 28.9635 + 12.011e-6 (x_CO2 - 400) g/mol); not re-read
Air	waterVaporDispersion	unverified	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) water-vapour dispersion (w0..w3, cf); not re-read
Air	thermodynamics	unverified	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) (R = 8.314510 J/(mol K), M_w = 0.018015 kg/mol); not re-read
Air	saturationVapourPressure	unverified	CIPM-2007 / Ciddor 1996 saturation vapour pressure of water; transcription not re-read
Air	enhancementFactor	unverified	enhancement factor of water vapour in air (Ciddor 1996 / CIPM-2007); transcription not re-read
Air	compressibility	unverified	compressibility factor of moist air (Ciddor 1996 / CIPM-2007); transcription not re-read
Air	referenceStates	approximate	P. E. Ciddor, Appl. Opt. 35, 1566 (1996) reference states of the density ratios
BBO	d	unverified	Eckardt et al., IEEE JQE 26, 922 (1990), as cited by the original code; not re-read
BBO	n2	unverified	DeSalvo et al., IEEE JQE 32, 1324 (1996), as cited by the original code; not re-read
BBO	validity	approximate	Tamosauskas et al., Opt. Mater. Express 8, 1410 (2018)
Yb:YAG	doping	approximate	doping density of the original code (2 x 1.38e26 m^-3); give your crystal's doping
Yb:YAG	lifetime	approximate	Sumida and Fan, OSA TOPS 1995 (upper-state lifetime 0.95 ms), as cited by the original code; not re-read
Yb:YAG	zeroLine	approximate	zero-phonon line 968.8 nm of Yb:YAG, as used by the original code for the McCumber relation; not re-read
Yb:YAG	thermal	unverified	typical values of Yb:YAG (original code); conductivity falls with doping
Yb:YAG	stress	unverified	photo-elastic constants of YAG after Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering (thermal-effects chapter), as cited by the original code; not re-read
Yb:YAG	emission	approximate	room-temperature values after Koerner et al., Appl. Phys. B 75, 2002 (cross sections) and Sumida & Fan, OSA TOPS 1995 (lifetime 0.95 ms); lasing-band absorption and pump-band emission from the McCumber relation (zero line 968.8 nm); approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %) -- override with measured tables
Yb:YAG	absorption	approximate	pump-band absorption of Yb:YAG, approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %), after the same references as the emission band -- override with measured tables
defaults:gainMedium	thermal	unverified	generic YAG-like values chosen in the original code; not tied to a measurement
FusedSilica	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
FusedSilica	ionization	unverified	typical values for Keldysh / plasma models of fused silica; the original code did not record a source
LBO	indexX	unverified	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
LBO	indexY	unverified	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
LBO	indexZ	unverified	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
LBO	d	unverified	Dmitriev, Gurzadyan & Nikogosyan, Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals, as cited by the original code; not re-read
LBO	n2	unverified	approximate value of the original code (no source recorded)
LBO	validity	approximate	Kato, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 2950 (1994)
Ti:sapphire	doping	approximate	doping density of the original code; give your crystal's doping
Ti:sapphire	lifetime	approximate	Moulton, JOSA B 3, 125 (1986) (lifetime 3.2 us), as cited by the original code; not re-read
Ti:sapphire	thermal	unverified	typical values of sapphire (original code)
Ti:sapphire	emission	approximate	after Moulton, JOSA B 3, 125 (1986) (pi-polarised cross sections, lifetime 3.2 us); four-level; approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %) -- override with measured tables
Ti:sapphire	absorption	approximate	after Moulton, JOSA B 3, 125 (1986) (pi-polarised); approximate analytic fit (~10-20 %) -- override with measured tables
defaults:solidIonization	ionization	unverified	typical Keldysh / plasma inputs of fused silica, used as the generic dielectric (original code; no source recorded)
KTP	d	unverified	Vanherzeele & Bierlein, Opt. Lett. 17, 982 (1992), as cited by the original code; not re-read
KTP	n2	unverified	DeSalvo et al., IEEE JQE 32, 1324 (1996), E||z, as cited by the original code; not re-read
KTP	validity	approximate	Kato & Takaoka, Appl. Opt. 41, 5040 (2002)
N-BK7	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
N-BK7	ionization	unverified	typical values; the original code did not record a source
Nd:YAG	doping	approximate	1 at.% Nd (Koechner), as in the original code
Nd:YAG	lifetime	approximate	Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering (1 at.% Nd, tau = 230 us), as cited by the original code; not re-read
Nd:YAG	thermal	unverified	typical values of Nd:YAG (original code)
Nd:YAG	stress	unverified	photo-elastic constants of YAG after Koechner (as for Yb:YAG); not re-read
Nd:YAG	emission	approximate	Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering (1 at.% Nd, tau = 230 us); four-level; approximate analytic fit
Nd:YAG	absorption	approximate	Koechner, Solid-State Laser Engineering; approximate analytic fit
CaF2	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
CaF2	ionization	unverified	typical values; the original code did not record a source
KDP	d	unverified	Eckardt et al., IEEE JQE 26, 922 (1990), as cited by the original code; not re-read
KDP	n2	unverified	Adair et al. (via refractiveindex.info), as cited by the original code; not re-read
KDP	validity	approximate	Zernike, JOSA 54, 1215 (1964)
LiNbO3	indexZ	unverified	Jundt, Opt. Lett. 22, 1553 (1997), congruent LiNbO3 e-ray (temperature dependent, T in degC)
LiNbO3	d	unverified	Shoji et al., JOSA B 14, 2268 (1997), as cited by the original code; not re-read
LiNbO3	n2	unverified	DeSalvo et al., IEEE JQE 32, 1324 (1996), as cited by the original code; not re-read
LiNbO3	validity	approximate	Zelmon, Small & Jundt, JOSA B 14, 3319 (1997)
Sapphire	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
Sapphire	ionization	unverified	typical values; the original code did not record a source
MgO:LiNbO3	indexZ	unverified	Gayer et al., Appl. Phys. B 91, 343 (2008), 5% MgO:CLN e-ray (temperature dependent, T in degC)
MgO:LiNbO3	d	unverified	d33 = 25 pm/V as cited by the original code; not re-read
MgO:LiNbO3	n2	unverified	copy of the congruent LiNbO3 value (DeSalvo et al. 1996); not re-read
MgO:LiNbO3	validity	approximate	Gayer et al., Appl. Phys. B 91, 343 (2008)
YAG	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
YAG	ionization	unverified	typical values; the original code did not record a source
BiBO	n2	unverified	Kabacinski et al. (via refractiveindex.info), as cited by the original code; not re-read
BiBO	validity	approximate	Umemura, Miyata & Kato, Opt. Mater. 30, 532 (2007)
N-SF11	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
AgGaSe2	d	unverified	d36 = 33 pm/V of the original code; no source recorded
AgGaSe2	n2	unverified	approximate value of the original code (no source recorded)
AgGaSe2	validity	approximate	Kato & Shirahata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 4645 (1996) (refractiveindex.info: Kato)
MgF2	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
MgF2	ionization	unverified	typical values; the original code did not record a source
He	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
He	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
Ne	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
Ne	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
Ar	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
Ar	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
Kr	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
Kr	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
Xe	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
Xe	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
N2	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
N2	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices; the effective charge of the molecule is an empirical choice
N2	rotation	approximate	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
N2	dephasing	unverified	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it
O2	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
O2	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices; the effective charge of the molecule is an empirical choice
O2	rotation	approximate	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
O2	dephasing	unverified	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it
CO2	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
CO2	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
CO2	rotation	approximate	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
CO2	dephasing	unverified	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it
H2	n2Electronic	approximate	electronic (instantaneous) n2 at 1 bar and 273 K near 800 nm; the original code cites the compilation of Lehmeier 1985 / Borzsonyi 2010 / Wahlstrand 2012; values differ by ~20 % between sources; not re-checked
H2	ionization	approximate	ionisation potential: NIST Atomic Spectra Database (as cited by the original code); orbital l and zEff: standard ADK / PPT choices
H2	rotation	approximate	rotational constants: NIST / Herzberg (as cited by the original code); polarisability anisotropy: Bridge and Buckingham, Proc. R. Soc. A 295, 334 (1966), as cited by the original code; nuclear-spin weights from the molecular symmetry
H2	dephasing	unverified	rotational coherence time at 1 bar and 293 K, scaled as 1/p and sqrt(T); typical value, the original code did not record a source; the 2011 fs/ps rotational CARS measurements of self-broadened N2 and O2 (1-20 atm) are the place to check it
Quartz	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
Quartz	ionization	unverified	copy of the fused-silica values; the original code did not record a source
Quartz-e	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
Quartz-e	ionization	unverified	copy of the fused-silica values; the original code did not record a source
MgF2-e	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
MgF2-e	ionization	unverified	copy of the MgF2 values; the original code did not record a source
Sapphire-e	n2	approximate	typical literature value near 0.8-1 um (the literature spread is 10-30 %: wavelength, method, pulse duration); the original code did not record a source, not re-checked
Sapphire-e	ionization	unverified	copy of the sapphire values; the original code did not record a source
Calcite	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
Calcite-e	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
YVO4	index	unverified	common vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
YVO4	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
YVO4-e	index	unverified	common vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
YVO4-e	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
aBBO	index	unverified	vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
aBBO	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
aBBO-e	index	unverified	vendor Sellmeier set; the original code did not record the vendor
aBBO-e	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
TGG	index	approximate	least-squares fit of n^2 = A + B l^2/(l^2 - C) to the nine measured points of U. Schlarb and B. Sugg, Phys. Status Solidi B 182, K91 (1994) (refractiveindex.info main/Tb3Ga5O12/Schlarb, 0.40466-1.17668 um, 20 C): largest deviation 6.6e-4
TGG	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for this material (give one if it matters)
BaF2	n2	unverified	typical literature value for light along [100]; reported values spread 1.8-2.9e-20 m^2/W; quoted from memory in the original code, not re-checked
BaF2	kerrAnisotropy	unverified	sigma = (chi1111 - 3 chi1122) / chi1111; quoted from memory of Minkovski et al., Opt. Lett. 29, 2237 (2004) and Jullien et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 22, 2635 (2005); not retrieved
CS2	n2	unverified	total n2 for ps pulses (electronic + orientational); typical value, the literature spread is a factor 2-3; not re-checked
CS2	ramanFraction	unverified	orientational (delayed) share of the total n2; the electronic part 3e-19 m^2/W is the fs value quoted by Liu et al., Opt. Lett. 38, 1838 (2013) citing Ganeev 2004; not re-checked
Ta2O5	index	approximate	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
Ta2O5	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)
TiO2	index	approximate	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
TiO2	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)
HfO2	index	approximate	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
HfO2	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)
Nb2O5	index	approximate	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
Nb2O5	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)
Al2O3_film	index	approximate	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
Al2O3_film	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)
SiO2_film	index	approximate	generic ion-beam-sputtered Cauchy fit n = A + B / l^2 + C / l^4 (l in um); the original code did not record a source; use your coating vendor's data for real designs
SiO2_film	n2	unverified	not set: no value was entered for thin films (give one if the B-integral of a coating matters)
blowWood	response	approximate	K. J. Blow and D. Wood, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 2665 (1989); the constants 12.2 fs and 32 fs are the ones in common use for fused silica
blowWood	ramanFraction	approximate	Blow-Wood / Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics: fR = 0.18 for fused silica; Lin and Agrawal (2006) give 0.245 with the boson peak
blowWood	anisotropicFraction	approximate	anisotropic share of the Raman response (Lin and Agrawal fb + fc = 0.25), from the measured depolarisation of the Raman spectrum
hollenbeck	response	unverified	D. Hollenbeck and C. D. Cantrell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 2886 (2002), Table 1 (intermediate-broadening model), as transcribed in the original code; not re-read
hollenbeck	ramanFraction	approximate	same as the Blow-Wood model
hollenbeck	anisotropicFraction	approximate	same as the Blow-Wood model
linAgrawal	response	approximate	Q. Lin and G. P. Agrawal, Opt. Lett. 31, 3086 (2006); pyNLO's 'full' model uses the same numbers
linAgrawal	ramanFraction	approximate	Q. Lin and G. P. Agrawal, Opt. Lett. 31, 3086 (2006)
orientational	response	unverified	h(t) = (exp(-t/1.6 ps) - exp(-t/0.2 ps)) / 1.4 ps: typical CS2 values of the original code (decay ~1.6-2 ps is the commonly quoted reorientation time); the rise time and the exact decay are unverified; 1.5 = purely orientational (h_a = -h_b/3)